He was about to be married, and his debts were mounting. Oleg Vladimirovich Penkovsky (Russian: ; 23 April 1919 16 May 1963), codenamed HERO,[1] was a Soviet military intelligence (GRU) colonel during the late 1950s and early 1960s. The timeline just didnt work to explain Gordievskys recall to Moscow, FBI Special Agent Leslie Wiser, who ran the Ames case, told me. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. A member of the Communist Party, he took part in the invasion of Finland and by the end of the Second World War had reached the rank of lieutenant-colonel. The programme featured original covert KGB footage showing Penkovsky photographing classified information and meeting up with Janet Chisholm, a British MI6 agent stationed in Moscow. This story is a selection from the November issue of Smithsonian magazine. Oleg Penkovskys father died in the Russian Revolution. Wynne's role as a salesman who works his . JB: The first meeting with Oleg Penkovsky was about seven p.m. April twenty first 1961 and he was told what room to go to at the Mount Royal Hotel in London and thanks to my MI6 friends, they permitted me, since he first wanted to meet the Americans, to be the one to answer the door and meet him. Top KGB officers had known for more than a year that Penkovsky was a British agent, but they protected their source, a highly placed mole in MI6. [19] Greville Wynne, in his book The Man from Odessa, claimed that Penkovsky killed himself. Besides Wynne, Penkovsky had another contact, Janet Chisholm the wife of Rauri Chisholm, a British MI6 officer stationed in the Moscow embassy. The mothers name is Not Available. They expected I would do something stupid, he told me. The domestic impact of foreign clandestine operations: the CIA and academic institutions, the media and religious institutions, Appendix B", The Capture and Execution of Colonel Penkovsky, 1963, "Nonfiction Book Review: The Spy Who Saved the World: How a Soviet Colonel Changed the Course of the Cold War by Jerrold L. Schecter, Author, Peter S. Deriabin, With Scribner Book Company ISBN 978-0-684-19068-6", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oleg_Penkovsky&oldid=1136437646. Penkovsky approached American students on the Bolshoy Moskvoretsky Bridge in Moscow in July 1960 and gave them a package in which he offered to spy for the United States. [6] This information was invaluable to President John F. Kennedy in negotiating with Nikita Khrushchev for the removal of the Soviet missiles from Cuba. Would she ever live in the West? Penkovsky never knew his father, who was killed fighting as an officer in the White Army in the Russian Civil War when he was a baby. If it should turn out that the mole is no longer alive, the intelligence agencies would still run a damage assessment to try to reconstruct what and whom he might have betrayed. Cookie Settings, FBI / LIFE Picture Collection / Getty Images, John Hallisey / FBI / LIFE Picture Collection / Getty Images, Subscribe to Smithsonian magazine now for just $12. Upon servicing the dead drop, the American handler was arrested, signaling that Penkovsky had been apprehended by Soviet authorities. With Vladimir Chuprikov, Merab Ninidze, James Schofield, Fred Haig. Bokhans son, Alex, also made it to the U.S., in 1995. [8] The KGB defector Vladimir N. Sakharov suggests Penkovsky was genuine, saying: "I knew about the ongoing KGB reorganisation precipitated by Oleg Penkovsky's case and Yuri Nosenko's defection. Hed been back at headquarters only four months earlier, and all seemed well. After Ames was arrested and charged with espionage, his attorney, Plato Cacheris, negotiated a plea bargain with prosecutors: Ames wife, Rosario, an accomplice in his spying, would be spared a long prison sentence if he cooperated fully with the authorities. Omissions? A skilled intelligence officer, he had been promoted a few months before to rezident, or chief, of the KGB station in the British capital. Oleg Penkovsky Born: April 23, 1919 Birthplace: Vladikavkaz, Russia Death: May 16, 1963, Moscow, USSR (executed by Soviet Union) Jessie Buckley Born: December 28, 1989 Birthplace: Killarney, Ireland Sheila Wynne Keir Hills Andrew Wynne Angus Wright Born: November 11, 1964 Birthplace: Washington, D.C., USA Sir Arthur Temple 'Dickie' Franks The same can be said about arriving at your workplaceand finding out that it has been overrun by a variety of pests. After attending the Military Diplomatic Academy (194953), he became an intelligence officer, serving primarily in Moscow. Whether your office needs a reliable exterminator or your home is under attack by a variety of rodents and insects, you dont need to fear anymore, because we are here to help you out. Although Gordievsky has written that he climbed into the trunk of one of the cars, a former CIA officer says he actually crawled into a space in a specially modified Land Rover. He didnt have a choice. Today, Sergei and Alla live quietly in the Sun Belt under his new identity. In 1985 he was portrayed by actor David Calder in the BBC series Wynne and Penkovsky, and in 2007 by Peter Lindford for BBC drama Nuclear Secrets. Robert Wallace and H. Keith Melton, with Henry R. Schlesinger, 'Fatal Encounter' BBC TV documentary 3 May 1991, KGB, MI6 and CIA officers involved with the Penkovsky reveal their stories, This page was last edited on 30 January 2023, at 08:39. For months, Andrei had been hoping his father would find him an apartment. Over the course of his espionage, he delivered rolls of film, classified documents, and over 5,000 photos. He traveled frequently, to the United States, Germany, France, New Zealand, Australia, South America and the Middle East. His ashes were allegedly dumped in a mass grave in Moscow. Five days after Bokhan received the cable about his son, he took his wife, Alla, and their 10-year-old daughter, Maria, to the beach. Subsequently, a trade was exchanged after the British had a Russian government agent, Konon Molody, under his tutelage. Penkovsky was portrayed by Christopher Rozycki in the 1985 BBC Television serial Wynne and Penkovsky. They urged him to go to Moscow, but they also provided him with an escape plan in case he signaled that he was in danger. Soon after they arrived in the United States, there was a ceremony honoring his father at a Russian Orthodox church in Washington. These things have to be run to ground.. He underwent a debriefing by MI6 and cooperated with it and other Western intelligence services. Their caution in this matter may have led to the missiles being discovered earlier than the Soviets would have preferred. [11] Former GRU captain Viktor Suvorov, who defected to the UK in 1978, later wrote in his book on Soviet intelligence, "historians will remember with gratitude the name of the GRU Colonel Oleg Penkovsky. We have no information about his girlfriend/boyfriend. He holds dual bachelor's degrees from Pace University and a master's degree from New York University. He was probably the West's most valuable double agent during the Cold War. Oleg Penkovsky was a Soviet military intelligence colonel during the late Fifties and early Sixties responsible for informing the UK about the Kremlin's emplacement of missiles in Cuba. Institutions, golf courses, sports fields these are just some examples of the locations we can rid of pests. secret papers written by Oleg Penkovsky, the Soviet official sentenced to death after the Greville Wynne trial. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. After Gordievsky escaped, a Soviet military tribunal sentenced him to death in absentia. [3] When the US Embassy in Moscow refused to cooperate, fearing an international incident, the CIA contacted MI6 for assistance. Mr. Wint: Very moving. Also, we have no idea about his brother and sister, and we dont know their names either. As soon as Gordievsky landed in Moscow, he picked up signs that he had gambled wrong. How Penkovsky and Wynne did it, how they were caught, and what happened to them next is the focus of The Courier. The daughter of a Russian mother . He was reputedly on friendly terms with Penkovsky,[21] which is very likely to have been a cause of his fall. While Oleg was tried and executed by the Soviets, they sentenced Wynne to eight years in prison. How the traitor Oleg Penkovsky was 7 7.The Courier vs. the True Story of British Spy Greville Wynne Our professional rodent controlwill surely provide you with the results you are looking for. troops.[15]. In 1949 Penkovsky transferred from the regular army to the Soviet army intelligence directorate (GRU). He had planned to write a memoir but died of malaria before he could begin. This is quite shocking, since their countries are nearly at war. The year 1985 was a catastrophe for U.S. and British intelligence agencies. The publication of post-Cold War memoirs by former agents and the release of declassified documents by the United States and Russia have provided a fairly complete account of the CIA's activities, including both its successes and its failures. Penkovsky, who was tried with him, was sentenced to death for treason. We have no more information about his spouse. John Turner. She did, in 1991, but the strain caused by six years of separation proved too much to repair. Oleg Penkovsky. April 22, 1964. This information was decisive in allowing the US to recognize that the Soviets were placing missiles in Cuba before most of them were operational. The KGB took her to a sanitarium, where she was drugged and interrogated further. During the 1960s, a corrosive mole hunt led by James J. Angleton, the CIAs counterintelligence chief, led to institutional paranoia, paralyzed operations aimed at the Soviet Union, and disrupted the lives of many innocent CIA officers who were fired or sidetracked in their careers. In his autobiography, Wynne says that he was carefully developed by British intelligence over many years with the specific task of making contact with Penkovsky.[5]. This was prior to President Kennedy's address to the US revealing that U-2 spy plane photographs had confirmed intelligence reports that the Soviets were installing medium-range nuclear missiles in Cuba, in what was known as Operation Anadyr. He provided the CIA and MI6 with extensive debriefing sessions totaling up to 140 hours, delivered invaluable documents, and over 5,000 Soviet photos. As they walked on the beach that Saturday, he said his career was in trouble. In 1945, Penkovsky married the teenage daughter of Lieutenant-General Dmitri Gapanovich, thus acquiring another high-ranking patron. Meet Hasekura Tsunenaga, The 17th-Century Samurai Who Traveled The World And Became A Roman Aristocrat, What Stephen Hawking Thinks Threatens Humankind The Most, 27 Raw Images Of When Punk Ruled New York, Join The All That's Interesting Weekly Dispatch. One theory links his arrest to the spouse of a contact. It is possible that Gordievsky, Bokhan and Poleshchuk fell under KGB suspicion through some operational error or communications intercept. According to an official Soviet announcement, he was executed on May 16, 1963, though other reports have him committing suicide while in a Soviet camp. So the discrepancy between Ames timeline and the exposure of Gordievsky, Bokhan and Poleshchuk remains unexplained. He is considered one of the most valuable double agents during the Cold War because the information he provided was critical to the United States throughout the Cuban Missile Crisis 1.The political race of the Soviet Union and the United States began after the end of the . Born deep in the heart of Russia, Penkovsky soon found himself fighting against Germany as an artillery officer during World War II. In this role, he amassed and assessed technical and scientific intel on the West while growing increasingly disillusioned with his own country. Finding roaches in your home every time you wake up is never a good thing. Leonid never made it to the rock, his son said. After dark they left for a small airport, where Bokhan boarded a CIA plane. Impossible. Be that as it may, the British intelligence official returned in 1964 after spending two years in Soviet prison. Was there a fourth mole in the U.S. intelligence system that blew these secret agents covers? After his father was executed, Andrei kept working for Novosti. Oleg Penkovsky saved the world from mushroom clouds and untold deaths in the fall of 1962. In August 1960, a Soviet colonel called Oleg Penkovsky contacted the West to offer to work as a 'soldier warrior for the free world. Cold fear started to run down my back, he told me. In Wright's view, the failure of British intelligence leaders to listen to him caused them to become paralysed when such agents defected to the Soviet Union; in his book, Spycatcher, he suggests that his hypothesis had to be true, and that the Soviets were aware of this paralysis and planted Penkovsky. It said Bokhans son, Alex, 18, was having trouble in military school and suggested the deputy take his vacation now, three months early, and return to the Soviet Union to deal with him. Minutes passed. Penkovsky, far from being the decadent playboy.portrayed by the Soviet prosecutor, was probably The most highly placed Western agent ever to fall into the hands of'the Soviet security . Fathers name is Not Available. After many years, I understood him. A few days after Oleg Gordievsky was recalled to Moscow, the KGB flew his wife, Leila, and their two daughters there, and he broke the unwelcome news that they would not be posted back to London. In 1988, he took a Moscow river cruise and met a blond, blue-eyed and very beautiful woman named Svetlana, who worked for an automotive magazine. He decided to leave Athensbut not for Moscow. That raised a possibility that remains, even today, a subject of deep concern among counterintelligence agents, a problem privately acknowledged but little discussed publicly: That the three agents may have been betrayed by a mole inside U.S. intelligence whose identity is still unknown. "Deca que Penkovsky tena dos vas para contactar a los estadounidenses y que una de ellas, 'en caso de un peligro inesperado', implicaba soplar tres veces en el micrfono del telfono. Maria, then 16, was carrying the patatuff. The film sees him arrested on a plane leaving. He also held the view that leaking this information would bring him a great deal of recognition and a sense of honour. [13], Penkovsky was arrested on 22 October 1962. GRU . View Source Suggest Edits Memorial Photos Flowers Memorials Region Continuing the family, Greville Wynne had a son named Andrew Wynne. The recruitment of a well-placed spy, in this case a high-ranking Soviet military intelligence officer, lessened the tensions of the Cold War by providing information on the intentions, strength, and technological advancement of the Soviet Union. Alexander Zagvozdin, chief KGB interrogator for the investigation, stated that Penkovsky had been "questioned perhaps a hundred times" and that he had been shot and cremated. They drove through several checkpoints with no trouble, but they had to stop at Soviet customs when they reached the border. The President of the Court declared Greville Wynne, aged 44, would serve three years in prison and five in a labour camp. In April 1985, he has said, he told a Soviet contact in Washington the names of two or three double agents who had approached the CIA but who were actually working for the KGBdangles, in intelligence parlance. He was arrested for espionage in Budapest on Nov. 16, 1962. After they drove home, he packed a gym bag and announced that he was going for a jog. Oleg Vladimirovich Penkovsky born 23 April 1919 died 16 May 1963, USSR codenamed HERO, was a colonel with Soviet military intelligence (GRU) during the late . He had champagne and flowers waiting, a big basket of fruit, chocolates and a balloon. Relying once again on Varentsov's patronage, he spent nine months studying rocket artillery at Dzerzhinsky Military Academy. [16] The noted Soviet sculptor Ernst Neizvestny said that he had been told by the director of the Donskoye Cemetery crematorium "how Penkovsky [had been] executed by 'fire'". He works as a computer programmer. Everyone avoided me. It is a collec- tion of. He was arrested by the Soviets in 1962 and executed the next. Oleg Penkovsky saved the world from mushroom clouds and untold deaths in the fall of 1962. It also gave US President John F. Kennedy, during the Cuban Missile Crisis that followed, valuable information about Soviet weakness that allowed him to face down Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev and resolve the crisis without a nuclear war. From the day they talked, Wiser told me, we believed it was important for us to consider the strong possibility that Gordievsky was compromised by someone within the U.S. intelligence community., Wiser acknowledges that Ames may have lied or been mistaken about the dateAmes has conceded that he drank heavily before his meetings with the KGB. He asked if they were there to greet an important diplomat. The KGB men searched the apartment all night. Controversy surrounds Penkovsky's death, with many believing that MI6 put him in danger after Blake confessed all to the Soviet officials. He was later traded in an exchange after the British had a Russian spy, Konon Molody in their custody. Together with a turned KGB specialist, Oleg Penkovsky, he obtained important information about the Soviet attacks that somehow prevented the atomic conflict during the virus war. Stansfield. It shortened her life, he said. Murder by Cremation. Wynne had a notorious track record for fabrications, however. Penkovsky's father might have fled to the West rather than have died of typhus as Penkovsky had previously reported, the KGB prohibited Penkovsky from assuming his post in New Delhi but permitted him to remain in the GRU after his mother submitted a statement detailing her family's ignorance of her husband's fate.28 Espionage charges in a Soviet court were not to be taken lightly and Penkovsky was sentenced to death. These produced around 1,200 pages of transcripts which the CIA and MI6 delegated 30 translators and analysts to focus on. Stuzhin & Cheredintzev/Keystone/Hulton Archive/Getty ImagesSome believe Penkovsky was burned alive as Soviet punishment for his treasonous espionage. May 11, 1963. The next thing he knew, he woke up half-dressed in one of the dachas bedrooms. Greville Wynne And Oleg Penkovsky were two people who had a significant role in containing the cold war. https://www.britannica.com/biography/Oleg-Vladimirovich-Penkovsky, Public Broadcasting Service - Biography of Oleg Vladimirovich Penkovsky, Spartacus Educational - Biography of Oleg Penkovsky. The resettled spy told Wiser he was convinced Ames had betrayed him, but he confirmed that he had been abruptly summoned back to Moscow on May 17, 1985almost four weeks before Ames said he named him to the KGB. Oleg Vladimirovich Penkovsky, (born April 23, 1919, Vladikavkaz, Russiadied May 1963?, U.S.S.R.), senior Soviet military intelligence officer who was convicted of spying for the United Kingdom and the United States. It was the signal to launch his escape. In November 1960, Greville Wynne, a 41-year-old British businessman, sat down for a lunch that would change his life. The British intelligence agency MI6 (then known as SIS) had already been hard at work to infiltrate the Soviet Unions State Committee for Science and Technology, however. He asked it be given to Joe, with a message, Here is something from Leo. By the time Joe learned of the gift, Andrei said, his father had been arrested. Oleg Penkovsky was born in a small town on the 23rd of April in 1919. He played a role in both the Berlin Crisis in 1961 and the Cuban Missile Crisis the following year. Northolt Airport, England. It was surreal, like a bad nightmare, Andrei told me. Penkovsky stashed the documents in packs of cigarettes and candy boxes which he hid in agreed-upon public places, in what are known as dead letter drops. This method allowed him to transfer items to his Western handlers without attracting attention. Penkovsky was referred to in four of Tom Clancy's Jack Ryan espionage novels: The Hunt for Red October (1984), The Cardinal of the Kremlin (1988), The Bear and the Dragon (2000) and Red Rabbit (2002). In 1962, Soviet Colonel Oleg Penkovsky defied his country to save the world from nuclear war then paid for his heroism with his life. Clearly the KGB had searched his flat. Officially, he was shot to death. That Friday, Gordievsky received a cable ordering him to report to Moscow urgently to confirm his promotion and meet with the KGBs two highest officials. Now, he feared, the KGBs counterspies had become suspicious and were recalling him to confront him. [20] The head of the GRU, Ivan Serov was sacked during the same period. Penkovsky was executed but there are conflicting reports about the manner of his death. Son And Daughter Now Greville Wynne And Oleg Penkovsky were both arrested by the Soviets in 1962. The MI6 specialist experienced post-arrest sadness and torment. He asked for a fictitious Greek employee. Terms of Use The mole isnt just some guy who stole a few secrets. Penkovsky supplied the West with information on Soviet deployment of missiles to Cuba and has been dubbed the spy of the century. The mere belief that theres another mole, whether correct or not, can cause chaos inside an intelligence agency. The reply came in Russian: "Bratskaya mogila" -- a common, unmarked grave. Mr. Wynne served 18 months in Lubyanka Prison in Moscow. "Maybe we're only two people but this is how things change." The Courier is an intriguing spy drama. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). Issue of Smithsonian magazine mass grave in Moscow pages of transcripts which the CIA contacted MI6 for assistance ashes allegedly. Let US know if you have suggestions to improve this article ( requires login ) the American handler arrested! 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